Humans are
the only animals I know that are unhappy to be animals. All the dogs and cats,
horses and mice, not to mention insects and reptiles, seem unfazed by their
condition. A cow in the field, munching rich grass on a beautiful summer day,
is quite happy to be a cow, not knowing, in fact, what, exactly, is involved in
being a cow. Many animals have feelings and thoughts, and not all of these are
pleasant, but without hunger or a cause for fear, these creatures see nothing
wrong with just being animals. We see no evidence of existential angst on their
part, no yearning for the infinite, no frustration about mortality. Animals are
content with the satisfactions of their natural desires and do not ask about
tomorrow, money in the bank, or remunerative work. Animals are not counted
among the unemployed.
So, a big
question is why human animals are not content to be animals, but want, almost
universally, to be something better, higher, purer, and not mortal like
ordinary animals. Ever since humans became aware of what made them different
from the animals around them, they have been obsessed with creating and
maintaining superiority over the "merely" natural or animal. Humans
have language. Without that, I doubt they would ever have thought to
distinguish themselves from other animals in the theoretical way they do. It is
hard to see how an animal without language could have a very elaborate or
self-reflective taxonomy of living things.
Language is
the vehicle of thought and communication. Through it we can imagine a world,
not of our own creation, but partly the work of generations of thinking humans,
building, fighting, legislating, litigating, policing, educating, training, and
existing in complex economic cycles, social institutions, political settings
and historical periods. Human frustration with being an animal grows out of
these very imaginings that language and thought make possible. We can think of
all kinds of things that do not exist. We can imagine utopias where everyone
lives in peace and harmony. We can imagine a benevolent God who created the
universe with only the Good in view, and who even now guides our faltering
steps in the ways of Providence. We can imagine Heaven and Hell, though Hell
more vividly than Heaven. We can imagine possessing immortal Souls that can
survive the disintegration of our animal bodies. We distinguish Higher and Lower,
the Pure and the Impure, morality and mere fleeting animal satisfactions.
This yearning
for something better, something meta-animal about human beings, is the cause of
much human suffering. When the spirit and the flesh are separated, and the
flesh is made base for glory of the spirit, the human animal becomes unhappy,
contracts, and the person becomes more and more one-sided and fanatical. For to
run away from flesh as though it were the devil is to create a deep division in
the unity that is the full human animal, flesh and spirit, ego and heart, mind
and body. The unhappy animal is one that is asked to be something that it is
not, a pure angelic being, unaffected by the passage of time or events in the
world. To think like that is to suffer the full effects of original sin, and to
take on a burden that our animal frame was never meant to bear.
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